Friday, May 31, 2019

Amr Moussa :: Essays Papers

Amr MoussaI am Amr Moussa. I currently represent the country of Egypt as Secretary ecumenical of the Arab League, exclusively thats getting ahead of myself. Allow me to take you back to my beginning. I was born on October 3rd 1936 (Medeas schooling files, 2002 pg 1). While I was evolution up I studied law in Cairo, Egypt before I started my successful career as a gracious servant. My duties as a civil servant began once I started in the office of Egyptian Foreign Affairs Ministry in 1958(Medeas Information files 2002 pg 1). This was my first big break and I was going to take full advantage of it. In 1967, some 9 years later, I became the Egyptian Ambassador to India(The African Center, London 2002 pg 1). To me this was the break I had been looking for in my career. This was an opportunity I knew I had to capitalize on, and I did. I was also rewarded with permanent Representation to the United Nations in 1990(Medeas Information files/Medea 2002 pg 1). Acting as the mi ddleman between Israelis and Palestinians in 1992, when secret talks were going on, I gave my full support to the Declaration of Principles in September of 1993 to pledge the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) of Egypts support. I was a supporter of the Israeli integration in the Middle East. I was very critical of the Israeli government for non having full support over the commitment to the peace process. I was also outraged at the lack of full support for not signing the new Non-Nuclear proliferation Treaty in 1995(Medeas Information files 2002 pg 1). I have worked extremely hard my whole life to bring my country (Egypt) circumferent to neighboring countries such as Syria, Jordan, and Iran. Since I started on this journey, I have gained extensive ground to make such progress that is seen today. However there is unagitated no guarantee that the relationships we have made will stand in future times of despair. I have been the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Governmen t of Egypt since 1991(The African Center, London pg 1). In 2001 I was relieved of my duties at Minister for Foreign Affairs. I was recently appointed to be Secretary General of the Arab League of States in May of this past year of 2001(The African Center, London 2002 pg 1).

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Janet Adelmans Hamlet Essay -- Essays on Shakespeare Hamlet

Janet Adelmans Hamlet Janet Alderman in her essay Man and Wife Is One Flesh Hamlet and the Confrontation with the Maternal Body embraces the psychoanalytic tradition of Freud and Lacan in order to reveal the quadruple-angled relationship of the Hamlet monarchy. Focusing primarily on the relationship between Gertrude and her son, Hamlet, Alderman attempts to recast the drama as a charged enactment of Oedipal disillusionment and Lacanian sexual-abnegation. Appropriately, sexuality provides the impetus for Aldermans argument toying with sex roles and the power of sexuality over family dynamics and identity, she craftily reveals Hamlet to be a sons scrap for his aims purity, a covetous attempt to regain a sense of sexual normalcy. Aldermans casts Gertrude as a type of catch-all, garden-of-Eden, original-sin embodiment, who initiates the fall of the paternal and recreates the maternal body as an enclosed garden newly breached (Adelman 263). Adelman frequently refers to Hamlet Sr. and Claudius as collapsing into a single paternal figure both incite and fall precede to Gertrudes sexuality. Hamlet functions in Aldermans analysis as the crusader fighting for his mothers benign maternal presence (278) and the conqueror repressing his mothers sexual appetite, her sexualized maternal body (271). Adelmans thesis, the ether of her study, seems to inhabit these lines Hamlet thus redefines the sons positions between two fathers by relocating it in relation to an indiscriminately sexual maternal body that threatens to annihilate the distinction between the fathers and hence problematizes the sons paternal identification and . . . conflating the beloved wit... ...Gertrude, as does the incestuous Claudius thus, Hamlet places his identity with his mother. Ultimately, Hamlet seeks not to avenge the death of his father, but to save his mother from her own destructive sexuality, and by extension his own self-destruction. Of course, Adelman prescribes an existential reaso n to Hamlets need to rescue his mother Hamlet needs to recover the fantasized presence of the agamogenetic mother of childhood (277). Hamlet needs to separate his mother from all sexuality in order to reap the stability of her selfhood for his own. After refusing to sleep with Claudius, Gertrude restores herself in her sons eyes to the status of an internal good mother (279). Hamlet, now, by trusting her, can begin to trust in himself and in his own capacity for activity he can rebuild the masculine identity spoiled by her contamination (279).

Compare and Contrast Rupert Brookes The Solider with Wilfred Owens Du

Compare and Contrast Rupert Brookes The Solider with Wilfred Owens Dulce et Decorum Est.Although The Soldier by Rupert Brooke and Dulce et Decorum Est byWilfred Owen are touch with the common theme of struggle, the two poemscontrast two very different sucks of state of war. The Soldier gives a verypositive view of war, whereas Owens portrayal is negative to theextreme.Rupert Brookes The Soldier is very nationalistic as Brooke loves his dry land and is ready to die for it. This perhaps is not surprising asit was written in the first few months of war when the whole countrywas swept by a tide of patriotic fervour. Rather ironically for a warpoem The Soldier is a peaceful poem, as it doesnt describe the channel and death of war like Dulce et Decorum Est.. Brookes love forhis country, however, is somewhat jingoistic and his view of Englandis rather sentimental. There are many examples of his love for hiscountry, one of which is A clay of Englands, breathing English air.Brooke also thinks that his country is superior to any other land aricher dust concealed . To an outsider this is a rather conceitedview thinking that an Englishmans rotting corpse would act as somesuperior fertilizer. But to his patriotic readers, this onlyintensified his main arguing point his opinion that England isworth dying for.Brookes purpose for writing such a one-sided poem was to give amorale booster to his audience and to demonstrate his profound love forhis country. The poem is very powerful and no doubt had a verypositive effect on these reluctant to join the army. The poem efficaciously demonstrates that this is a cause and country undoubtedlyworth fighting for.Brookes belief that God is... ...some of the bestanti-war poetry ever written.Looking back over time, we roll in the hay easily be critical of Brookes rathernave view of war. But to be fair, he could not know what the nextthree years of war would bring and was only reflecting the patrioticmood of the early months of war . His view is much influenced by theVictorian poets, such as Tennyson, whose Charge of the Light Brigadesaw war as romantic and glorious with valiant cavalrymen charging theenemy on horses. But the First World War was to change all that. Thiswas a twentieth century war with aeroplanes, machine-guns, tanks andgas, which Owen witnessed at first-hand and through his pen, changednot only war poetry, but how future generations have thought about warand the horrors it bringsAnd watch the white eyes twist in his face.His hanging face, like a devils sick of sin.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

The Mandala Archetype in Intertidal Life by Audrey Thomas :: Audrey Thomas Intertidal Life

The Significance of the Mandala Archetype in intertidal Life Audrey Thomas novel intertidal Life, is an account of a womans difference of opinion for Emmersonian self-reliance and identity. The main character, Alice Hoyle, is forced by her husband to undertake a perilous, painful, and chaotic journey into her subconscious, in order to start her self. This struggle to obtain a modern self identity and self-reliance is symbolized throughout the novel by the Jungian archetype of the Mandala a peak image with a center that represents the wholeness of personality, and the center of the whole... It is the archetype of inner order and it is always used in that sense, either to make arrangements of the many, many aspects of the universe-a origination scheme-or to arrange the modify aspects of our psyche into a scheme (Psych,86). Therefore, in Intertidal Life, the Mandala is an archetype arising when there is a great disorder and chaos in a womans mind... It appears to bring order, display the possibility of order and centeredness (Psych,86) Alice Hoyle first experiences chaos and despair when Peter admits to Alice that he no longer loves Alice, and he wants to seek out and summon himself. She interprets that the move to the island was only if a tact to get Alice easily out of Peters life. As Alice says,Its so strange. Ive felt so close to you these last few months. I saw the new room, the move over here as something wonderful, a new beginning to our marriage. I guess what I saw as a sunrise, you saw as a sunset (20). Moreover, as Alice realizes that her husband, Peter is having an affair with Anne-Marie, and her worldly values and ambitions are tossed upside down, she encounters her first Mandala type inspiration virtuoso night, Alice had a dream of apples. She was holding Flora in her arms and people were pelting at them both with fruit... She was calling and calling for help (24). In this dream, Alice is the focalisation of the center of attention, skirt by people pelting her with apples. A schematic image is presented which is in the form of a Mandala. Out of this dream, she comes to the realization for the first time, that the different woman in Peters life is Anne-Marie (24). Thus, this Mandala represents, that she is unwanted by Peter, must find away to protect herself from her emotions, and she must seek help, in redefining her life.The Mandala Archetype in Intertidal Life by Audrey Thomas Audrey Thomas Intertidal LifeThe Significance of the Mandala Archetype in Intertidal Life Audrey Thomas novel Intertidal Life, is an account of a womans struggle for Emmersonian self-reliance and identity. The main character, Alice Hoyle, is forced by her husband to undertake a perilous, painful, and chaotic journey into her subconscious, in order to find her self. This struggle to obtain a new self identity and self-reliance is symbolized throughout the novel by the Jungian archetype of the Mandala a circular image with a ce nter that represents the wholeness of personality, and the center of the whole... It is the archetype of inner order and it is always used in that sense, either to make arrangements of the many, many aspects of the universe-a world scheme-or to arrange the complicated aspects of our psyche into a scheme (Psych,86). Therefore, in Intertidal Life, the Mandala is an archetype arising when there is a great disorder and chaos in a womans mind... It appears to bring order, showing the possibility of order and centeredness (Psych,86) Alice Hoyle first experiences chaos and despair when Peter admits to Alice that he no longer loves Alice, and he wants to seek out and find himself. She interprets that the move to the island was simply a tact to get Alice easily out of Peters life. As Alice says,Its so strange. Ive felt so close to you these last few months. I saw the new room, the move over here as something wonderful, a new beginning to our marriage. I guess what I saw as a sunrise, you s aw as a sunset (20). Moreover, as Alice realizes that her husband, Peter is having an affair with Anne-Marie, and her worldly values and ambitions are tossed upside down, she encounters her first Mandala type dream one night, Alice had a dream of apples. She was holding Flora in her arms and people were pelting at them both with fruit... She was calling and calling for help (24). In this dream, Alice is the focus of the center of attention, surrounded by people pelting her with apples. A schematic image is presented which is in the form of a Mandala. Out of this dream, she comes to the realization for the first time, that the other woman in Peters life is Anne-Marie (24). Thus, this Mandala represents, that she is unwanted by Peter, must find away to protect herself from her emotions, and she must seek help, in redefining her life.

Essay --

Isolation of leprosy patientsWhat started as a problem with a horrific disease, lead to isolation of leprosy patients. It was hard for these patients to settle and make homes communities feared the ranch of illness. The government took an old plantation to create a hospital for the leprosy patients. The old plantation was called hospital 66 or better known as Carville. all over a long time period, the disease green goddess be disfiguring, and societies suck up stigmatized victims of the disease. This attribute is deeply discrediting since the stigmatized individual is disqualified from full social acceptance. Leprosy was thus dreaded, non because it killed, but because it left one alive with no hope. (P1. And 2, Sato, H., & Frantz, J. (2005). Termination of the leprosy isolation policy in the US and japan Science, policy changes, and the garbage can model.) People deemed with this Disease were brought to Carville mandatory to be quarantined some patients were brought in shack les against there will. Patients were forced to leave everything they knew and loved behind, including friends, family and children.While scientists worked to find a cure, policyholders that conducted legislative procedures were defining and enacting the problem policies were designed to isolate sick patients as prevention of the further spread of the disease. Patients were even feared by medical staff and did not emergency to aide in helping these sick patients. Seeing the needs of these patients, a group of sisters named Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul stepped up and provided compassion. The disease is first noticed by skin change to usually hands and feet. In the movie Triumph at Carville directed by John Wilhelm and Sally Squires, one patient sa... ... isolation policy provided patients with some social support, but continuously deprived them of their civil liberties. Furthermore, the policy as an authoritative statement on the disease may have fostered the socia l stigma associated with a belief that the disease is a dreadful contagion, thereby maintaining a hurdle to patients reintegration into society. Evidently, the policys abolition was not easily accomplished nor was achieved solo by advances in scientific knowledge. (P. 10)Carville took on what feared the public on multiple levels and were able to move past it. As dreadful as it was for the patients to go through, they were the first to say that all the pain was worth it. The Daughters of charity and the doctors took on a daunting task and made it ok. The patients all commented that the sisters showed love and compassion do it feel like home.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay -- CSR Essays

In recent years, companies are becoming socially responsible and now stakeholders almost expect a company to excite CSR policies. Therefore, in twentieth century, incarnate social responsibility (CSR) became an important development in public life (Barnett, ND).Corporate social responsibility is defined as the ways in which an organisation exceeds the minimum obligations to stakeholders specified through regulation and corporate governance (Johnson, Schools and Whittington, N.D cited in March, 2012). Stakeholders can be defined as those individuals or groups who regard on the organisation to fulfil their own goals and on whom, in turn, the organisation depends (Johnson, Schools and Whittington, N.D cited in March, 2012). There are many purposes for this essay, the first purpose is to descried the anchor principles of corporate social responsibility and explain their importance for stakeholders. Secondly, is to show how far this company follows those principles in order to be acc ountable to at least three of its stakeholders. In this essay, three stakeholders, surroundings, customers and employees will be evaluated respectively and the key principles of the stakeholders will be examined.There is a link between corporate social responsibility and the key principles of the stakeholders, which a company should follow to be responsible to its stakeholders. The first stakeholder is environment and the key principle used for it is not damage the environment for example, recycling, dealing decent with their wastes and emissions. The second stakeholder is the employees. The key principle for the employees is companies providing safe and health working conditions for their staff. Moreover, the employees earn an appropriate salary for ... ...012- Starbucks. 2011 Recycling & Reducing Waste procurable from http//www.starbucks.com/responsibility/environment/recyclingAccessed on 11th of March 2012- Starbucks Newsroom. 2010 Starbucks struggles with reducing environm ental impacts. Available from http//news.starbucks.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=472Accessed on 11th of March 2012- Starbucks Newsroom. 2010 Starbucks to Provide Additional Lower Calorie Options this January. Available from http//news.starbucks.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=313Accessed on 11th of March 2012- The recycle times. 2011 Starbucks steps up to the plate addresses pollution allegations by setting up a recycle process. Available from http//therecycletimes.com/2011/04/starbucks-steps-up-to-the-plate-addresses-pollution-allegations-by-setting-up-a-recycle-process/Accessed on 11th of March 2012

World War One Home Front

There were any war plans made such as the Schlemiels Plan a plan devised to avoid war on devil fronts, Germans to defeat France and turn back to Russia with a hammer swing, and plan 17 was the French manipulation plan. Modifications were made to the plans and lead to their eventual failure. There were a derive of battles including the Battle of the Manner where German troops attempted to move towards Paris but were attack as the RE flank was exposed. There was a faulting between the troops and the British troops were able to move into the gap. Leading to Ger legion(predicate) having to fight a war on two fronts.There was also the Race to the sea which was the Germans attempt to gain as many ports as possible to allow for the continue of trade. It resulted In the creation of the Western front. The Nature of Trench warfare and demeanor in Trenches (1 86 Words) Trenches played a huge role in WWW. Features of trenches included, sandbags, ammunition, dugouts, parapet, duckboards, fir e steps and barbed wire. Trenches were a complex network and extended crossways many kilometers with the front line positioned to launch at the enemy. They were constructed In a gig gag structure Communication trenches unconnected each line.They were expected to be temporary at the pedigree of the war. The area between allies and Germans was called no mans land. There was not set distance between the lines. No mans land had mystic craters, mud, heavy rain, artillery bombard manpowert. Weaponry changed throughout the war, machine guns, rifles, grenades, flamethrowers, mortars and gas were utilise. The battle tactics began as offensive and later changed to defensive. The life In trenches was horrible, there were many rats, mud and diseases that were evident within the trenches.This lead to battle fatigue and shell shock. Many soldiers experiences unhygienic living conditions, Illnesses such as dysentery, trench foot and PITS. 80% of the time solders were bored stuff, 19% of the t ime frozen stiff and only 1% of the time scared stiff. Attempts to Break the Stalemate (241 Words) There were numerous attempts to gibe the stalemate. The Battle of verdure was In Feb. Novel 1916. They shall not pass Is the saying aligned with It. It Involved generals, Falkland for Germany and Petting for France.It was Germanys aim to bleed the French white through a war of attrition. Using heavy artillery bombard ment and diphthongs gas. It resulted in an early German advance later re won by France. The failures of Verdure lead to Falkland replaced by Hindering and Ultrasound. Another battle was the Battle of the Some. This was from July Novo General Hag was involved. The aim being to break through and relieve France at Verdure. They used artillery assaults and creeping barrage tanks. Another battle was the Battle of Packsaddle. This was between Julys Novo 1917.It is known for the mud. It was also with General Hag. The aim was to gain control of the seaports and draw twinge of f France. The use of heavy artillery bombardment. The result was only a small territorial gain and the opportunity to send reserves after a breakthrough at Cambric. There were also attempts made beyond the Western Front, these included places like Galileo. There was the naval blockade, which saw Germany launch its unrestricted zep warfare and peace movements such as Papal peace note to reduce arms and the womens peace party.Changing attitudes of German and Allied soldiers to the war (174 Words) Britain at the beginning of the war has overwhelming support and enthusiasm. There was a glorified look on war excitement of the duty and adventure. Britain had no tradition of conscription and men responded to propaganda such as the Kitcheners army posters well. There was fear that war would only last a short period and be over by Christmas. Britain a great deal demons Germany. However, by 1916, the excitement had disappeared and worldly concern of trenches and the futility of war have a major effect on roofs.The Battle of the Some was a turning point where reality sunk in. Recruitment figures have dropped by the end of 1916 and conscription was introduced. War weariness became a factor. Germany also had a massive and widespread enthusiasm. The German men shared the same motivation as British men. Patriotism, honor, duty, peer pressure, impressing girls and a steady income. However, food shortages lead to havoc and German soldiers developed the same feelings of the disenchantment and war weariness as British men especially with Germany facing starvation in 1917.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Express and Courier Industry

Global express and courier fabrication overview Introduction The primary business of the express industry is the delivery of time-sensitive shipments, typically with a cut across time of two to three days. These are delivered mainly by air and ground. The industry has been witnessing significant growth as a result of the constant line up in call for for express and courier services over the furthest decade across user industries, including manufacturing, pharmaceutical, financial services and high-tech sectors.In the last decade, the advent of e-commerce business models and their subsequent penetration along with increasing demand from the financial services sector contributed to strong industry growth. Most companies provide an spare range of activities besides pure transportation, including online tracking of shipments, online payment collection and insurance facilities. However, in recent times, the industry has witnessed a deceleration in growth as a result of rising go of f costs and reduced demand from user industries due to the global stinting slowdown. Major playersTraditionally, due to low demand and high costs of operation, the express industry has been dominated by national postal departments. While some of them still continue to be dominant in their respective national commercialises, others have evolved into larger regional and global players with multi-modal operations such as Deutsche Post World Net (which also operates DHL) and La Poste. Globally, the industry is dominated by the big four Deutsche Post World Net (DHL), FedEx, United Postal Service (UPS) and TNT, all of which have strong multi-modal arms with general operations.Key markets The US is the single largest market for express services, followed by Europe and the AsiaPacific region. In recent years, the Asia-Pacific region has experienced tremendous growth, largely attributed to change magnitude demand for express and courier services in China and India as well as sustained de mand growth in Japan, Korea and Australia. Strong economic growth and increased international trade due to manufacturing outsourcing from the western countries has particularly resulted in the fast-growing demand for express and courier in India and China.Key challenges procession fuel prices Rising fuel costs have been the biggest concern of the express and courier industry globally over the past two years. Rising fuel costs have affected the industry directly via an increase in input costs and also indirectly by hampering growth prospects due to diminish demand from user industries. Environmental concerns As part of the transport industry, the express industry has also come under renewed pressure from both environmental groups and governments to lower its carbon footprint.Environmental laws have necessitated increased usage of vehicles run on alternative fuel to transport and deliver shipments across the globe. DHL, UPS and FedEx have begun to position vehicles run on alternati ve fuel for deliveries and collection, especially in the mature US market. Outlook Over the past two years, the global express market has been reeling under the pressure of rising fuel and transportation costs and decrease in demand from the western countries.However, demand for express services is set to overdress over the medium term with sustained growth of the Chinese and Indian economies. Over the longer term, the industry is expected to witness the emergence of large interconnected players in the emerging markets of China and India. The market is expected to witness consolidation activities and a shift toward third-party logistics (3PL) and fourth-party logistics (4PL) players.

Friday, May 24, 2019

Millenium Goals and Png

Millennium Development Goals 1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger * Halve, amongst 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income, which is less than one dollar a day. * give full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people * Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger. 2. Achieve Universal Primary breeding * Ensure that by 2015, all children everywhere will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling. . Promote Gender equality and Empower Women * Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferable by 2005, and in all level of education by no later than 2015. 4. Reduce Child Mortality * Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate. 5. Improve Maternal Health * Reduce by 3 quarters, between 1090 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio * Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 6. Combat HIV/AIDs, Malaria and Other Disease s Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the disruption of HIV/AIDs * Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it * Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and early(a) major diseases 7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability * Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a substantial reduction in the rate of loss * Integrate the principles of sustainable development into res publica policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources. Halve, by 2015 the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation * By 2020, to have achieved significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers. 8. Develop a Global Partnership for Development * Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory profession and financial system * Address the special needs of the least eveloped countries * Address the special needs of landlocked ontoge ny countries and small island developing States (through the Programme of put through for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States and the outcome of the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly) * Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and outside(a) measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term * In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries * In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications Is PNG on plow to achieving the designs? Papua New Guinea is not on track to achieving any of the goals so far. Current status in accordance with national Government reporting says that the country is off track in achieving all of the goals, with goal number 8 having insufficient information to even make a judgment.

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Final Project 1960 Time Capsule Essay

After receiving a very intriguing call from my colleagues, about a great period capsule find, I made my immediate sacking for a little place we call the Red Zone previously known as Colorado. As I arrive I help my colleagues to hollow a time capsule from the period of the 1960s. We c atomic number 18fully opened the capsule that had intrigued us all so much to find five articles inside that told a great story of our past and of the decade beginning in 1960. The following is a summary of my findings within the capsule.The first of the five articles contained within the capsule was The Berlin seawall of 1961, also known as The Iron Curtain. This wall once more than 30 miles of barbed wire was a barrier between the commie East Ger some and the Democratic West Germany, became a series of concrete walls up to fifteen feet high, 96 miles long and guarded by towers armed with guards. After WWII Germany was adjourn into four zones, three controlled by France, Britain, and The United Sta tes, and the other one by The Soviet confederacy the Berlin Wall was constructed to separate the zone (East Germany) that was controlled by the Soviet Union from the zones (West Germany) controlled by France, Britain and the United States. It was here at the Berlin Wall that John F. Kennedy gave one of his memorable speeches, There are many people in the world who authentically dont understand, or say they dont, what is the great issue between the free world and the Communist world. Let them come to Berlin.There are some who say that communism is the wave of the future. Let them come to Berlin. And there are some who say in Europe and elsewhere we can live with the Communists. Let them come to Berlin. And there are even a few who say that it is true that communism is an evil system, unless it permits us to make scotch progress. Lasssie nach Berlin kommen. Let them come to Berlin. The construction and demolition of the Berlin Wall(1989-90) are important milestones of the Cold Wa r.The second item found in the capsule was the March on capital of the United States of 1963. Attended by some 250,000 people, it was the largest demonstration constantly seen in the nations capital, and one of the first to clear extensive boob tube reporting (Ross, 2007). The stated demands of the march were the passage of meaningful civil rights legislation the elimination of racial segregation in public schools protection for demonstrators against police brutality a major(ip) public-works program to provide jobs the passage of a law prohibiting racial discrimination in public and private hiring a $2 an hour stripped-down wage and self-government for the District of Columbia, which had a black majority (Ross,2007).Demanding jobs and independence from the nations capital this march successfully pressured the Kennedy administration to initiate a civil rights bill in Congress. This is also when Martin Luther King gave his I Have a Dream speech. Although it wasnt until the urba ne Rights Act of 1964 that the demands of the march were met, it was a major point in the peaceful war for civil and equal rights for all Americans. Without this peaceful demonstration the civil rights faeces could have been pushed even further corroborate in its effort for an equal nation. The effects of this event can still be seen today as we are now seen as American quite a than white and black or rich or poor.The third item discovered in the capsule was the assassination of President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. On this day President Kennedy accompanied by his wife, John Connelly and his wife Nellie rode in a motorcade through the streets of Dallas, TX. It was during this ride that President Kennedy was shot just about 1230 pm the driver then rushed the President to Memorial Hospital where he was pronounced dead at 100pm. This horrible travesty agitate America for years to come. News of the assassination changed the source of news from then on. Until this point ne wspapers had been the main source of news, until the assassination which brought on the longest uninterrupted television broadcast to date. The assassination also stuck fear in the African-Americans that the assassination would put a halt to the progress for civil rights. How ever so, the assassination seemed to spur the civil rights movement which resulted in the Civil Rights Act of 1964 signed by President Lyndon Johnson.The assassination also changed the way the secret service operates today. Although during those times the Presidentwas freer to move around openly, now secret service agents keep the president more secure and his availability limited. It is also thought that had the president non been assassinated the Vietnam War would have ended and many of our troops would not have died. The assassination opens up the possibility of what if?, and fueled conspiracy theorist for many, many years to come. This showed the weakness of American by its own hand.The fourth item in the capsule was the idle landing in 1969. July 16, 932am three astronauts (Neil Armstong, Buzz Aldridge, and Michael Collins) sit waiting for piece permission. By 944am they are in Earth orbit, July 20 at 1056pm Neil Armstrong takes his first step on the moon. With more than half a zillion people watching on television, he climbs down the ladder and proclaims Thats one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. (htt5). This was test copy of great technological advancement and completion of the challenge set forth by President Kennedy over nine years ago. Project Apollo took on a life of its own over the years and left an important legacy to both the nation and the proponents of space exploration. Its success was enormously significant, coming at a time when American society was in crisis (htt6).This event showed the world and Americans everywhere that The United States was still the ultimate power by demonstrating to the world what the United States could achieve. The moon la nding changed the way we viewed the Earth as they pointed a small portable camera toward Earth, showing just how small and fragile the planet really is in the scheme of the universe. The samples taken and brought back from the moon landing opened up knew scientific testing and led the way to multiple other moon landings and go our knowledge of space itself.The last item in the intriguing capsule was the Woodstock Music Festival of 1969. This was a three day concert at scoop shovel Yasgurs dairy farm in the town of Bethel. More than half a million people came together united in a inwardness of peace, openness and cultural expression and demonstrated how a generation could be heard (htt7) Woodstock is committed to living by its principles we believe in universal homosexual rights, ethical business practices, unfettered creative expression, free trade, the loving care of our planet, the power of the individual to make a difference, and theoverwhelming carry on of communities to act as agents of peaceful change (htt7). However, the festival involved music (rock n roll), drugs, sex and nudity. This festival came at a time when American had been through hard times. With the Civil Rights Movement, the Vietnam War, and the assassination of Martin Luther King the United States was tired and weary.The peaceful concert changed the way music was marketed from then on, now knowing that fans were willing to give up best-selling(predicate) amenities to have sight of the musicians they loved. The change on music and pop refining of the time was historic. In 1969, rock critic Ellen Sander appraised the immediate impact of the Festival this way No longer can the magical multicolored phenomenon of pop culture be overlooked or underrated. Its happening everywhere, but now it has happened in one place at one time so hugely that it was indeed historic . The audience was a much larger story than the groups. It was major entertainment news that the line-up of talent was of such magnificence and magnitude (thirty-one acts, nineteen of which were colossal) . These were, however, the least significant events of what happened over the Woodstock weekend.What happened was that the largest number of people ever assembled for any event other than a war lived together, intimately and meaningfully and with such natural good cheer that they turned on not only if everyone surrounding them but the mass media, and, by extension, millions of others, young and old, particularly many elements hostile to the manifestations and ignorant of the substance of pop culture. (htt8). This change in pop culture has left an undying footprint on the history of the world with its new found music, art and literary styles.It is clear after examining and researching the incredible articles within the time capsule that the 1960 era was an extreme time of change for the American people. This decade in our history so full of such life changing events not only in the United States but also in other countries that rely on support from the United States. Its story shows our ability to adapt to ever changing situations around us and the resilience of the American people. Whether it is fighting Communism, the loss of a great leader, fighting for our rights, landing on the moon, or expressing or freedom in culture we are a strong nation and when faced with a great challenge we answer that challenge with a great success. Although many have been lostalong the way as a whole we stand one nation, united.References(n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.tenfactsabout.co.uk/0003berlinwall.htm (n.d.). Retrieved from http//mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_march_on_washington_for_jobs_and_freedom/ (n.d.). Retrieved from Civil Rights March on Washington (History, Facts, Martin Luther King Jr.) Infoplease.com. Infoplease. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/19/john-f-kennedy-assassination-racial-equality-jfk (n.d.). Retrieved f rom http//www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/apollo11_40th.html (n.d.). Retrieved from http//history.nasa.gov/ap11-35ann/legacy.html (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.woodstock.com/(n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.woodstockpreservation.org/SignificanceStatement.htm http//www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1867.html. (n.d.).

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Programs for Children and Adolescents

Bullock, L. , M. , and Gable, R. , A. (2006). Programs for Children and Adolescents With Emotional and Behavior Disorders in the United States A Historical Overview, Current Perspectives, and Future Directions. Preventing School Failure, Vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 7-13. A. The name by Lyndal M. Bullock and Robert A.Gable is devoted to the important and ever urgent topic of the difficult problems that teachers and other educational professionals encounter during their attempts to find effective slipway for a proper inclusion of children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral disorders (E/BD) into the educational processes, either in frames of the general educational institutions, or under the auspices of special programs and educational settings specifically designed for those having various forms of E/BD.The format of the bind is such that it includes both general historic and factual information about the discussed field, and sets forth some(prenominal) research questions that are elaborated and partially answered by the authors during the course of the article. Those questions pertain to the influence that factors of the disproportionality and personnel shortages have on the effectiveness of programs for children and adolescents with E/BD. B. It is important to argue out, that for a clear and focused discussion of the mentioned complex topics, it is essential to distinguish between various forms of E/BD and related disorders.The authors of the article do exactly that as they classify the universe of children and adolescents who are covered and not covered by their study. For example, they not only discuss statistics related to E/BD, scarce as tumefy provide comparative tables that show the place that E/BD hold among all disabilities that are served under Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Furthermore, in the article the analysis is offered that shows how the population of participants identified in the study is structured according t o age and race or ethnicity, which significantly enriches the methodological usefulness of the article.In general, the authors make it easier for readers to trace throughout the article information about the population of children and adolescents with E/BD of ages 3-21 and of Caucasian/White, African American, American Indian, Hispanic, and Asian races and ethnicities. C. The study contained in the article is of a relatively short length, but has quite a concentrated amount of information, and offers a large number of references and an extensive bibliography.In this way, the study by Bullock and Gable is not limited to a certain location, but rather is a summary of their own more narrowly focused pieces of research combined with relevant contributions of other researchers. D. Due to the chosen approach to the investigation of the research questions, the result that the authors reach is not limited to the confirmation of the urgency of those questions, but as well is reinforced by t he authors capability to place the problems related to the much needed programs for those affected with E/BD into the general social context.Indeed, the authors manage to convincingly show that the passive stance towards the discussed problems may headliner to their significant aggravation already in the near future. E. Considering the mentioned points, the main strength of the article is the ability of the authors to synthesize specific information in such a way as to make it understandable not only to experienced educational professionals, but as well for younger ones to whom the authors appeal in the article as they discuss personnel shortages presumably with the aim to interest new potential specialists on E/BD.Also, the strength of the article is its successful combination of historical data and forecasts, which gives the sense of the direction of the development of the discussed field. As a weakness of the article may be identified its lack of inclusion of relevant internat ional experience which might add useful insights on E/BD treatment.F. Similarly to the above mentioned strength of the article, I believe that I should use the strategy of total and coherent presentation of information in my teaching because it helps students correctly appreciate the general context that any given information is almost always pose in. In practice, this way of presentation of information can increase the interest and personal involvement of students in the process of study, and may help them immediately take in how even a small contribution of one teacher can have significance for many people.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Providian Trust

(1) What key issues and challenges led to the initiation of the Access Plus find? Please think about the external vs. internal and business vs. technological aspects of the issues and challenges.From an internal point of view, Providian commit board members felt that the consecrates randomness system was outdated and therefore the day-to-day activities, which could be done more efficiently with a new software and process, were taking long periods of time and split up of resources. Per example, generating a financial report for a client would take the effort of several trust operators from the front takeice and back office which is an excess of humanity resource, and would take about 3 months to generate it.Clients felt they didnt have to wait so much for a report. These kind of complain were making Providian Trust look bad against their competitors, who took considerably less time doing the same activities. Technological speaking, the Access Plus project has a big challenge. A ccording to the information provided, the trust officers are very old dated when it comes to PC usage, some of them dont even use one.One of the biggest division of Providian Trust (Pension & Institutional Trust Services) had the largest number of full time employees (FTE) yet they were losing money, thats wherefore a nonher important issue that led to the initiation of this project was the amount of money that was wasted by wrong handling of processes. Since trust officers usually gave late or inaccurate statements, the company was giving around 2 to 5 million $ a category in compensating wages.(2) What organizational assortments that the company should have made (but failed to do) before and during the project to ensure the success of the Access Plus project?This project was basically a change initiative project. To have an effective change implementation, a careful evaluation of the problem needs to be made to begin with. I suppose the team leader, Michael LeBlanc, understoo d the problem well but failed to properly select the change initiative team and also failed to create a sense of requirement among the organization regarding wherefore the change was needed. To have an effective change team, champions and helpers from every step of the organization need to be chosen.Per example, by completely ignoring the 240 IT personnel (even when IT was an inseparable part of the project, if not the most essential), the change team was missing important members and that made it deficiency credibility. The employees and trust officers were not convinced from the beginning about why the change was needed, therefore they didnt believe in it and they didnt even put in the effort. They also should have done a better alternative of the program, focusing more in the companys needs then in the competitors status.(3) What were the strengths and weaknesses of Providians approach in managing the project?As far as strengths go, I would only think that having the funds re ady to make the project is one of them and also having a leader convinced that the change is needed. When it comes down to weaknesses we have lack of communication amid change teams. Also, the employees are not convinced about the change and most of them were resisting it until the end. Another weakness is the lack of computer knowledge from the staff and trust officers and also how behind the IT staff was regarding the installation of computers. And lastly, informing employees that some of them will be let go off after the change, created stress in the job and made it harder for the initiative to be effective.(4) How would you evaluate the role (good or bad) that the internal auditor Peter Storey contend throughout the project? Do you agree with him, why and why not? (if you were in his role what would you have done differently?)Should he be fired, why and why not?I believe Peter Storey played a good role. His job was to audit the system and give an unbiased perspicacity. It was his opinion that the proper controls were not in place to implement the change and I also share that view. In his report he states 13 identified risks that were not communicated to Walsh by LeBlanc. I would have sent this report to the CEO as well. I dont think he should have been fired since he was informing his point of view and seemedvery valid. I believe the CEO made this decision without the proper information, and he also wanted the implementation to meet so he chose to follow the external audit.(5) If you were in charge of the project, what would you do differently? What have been your experience and observations of IS projects in your organization? If you were in charge of a healthcare IS implementation project in your organization, what would be the top three things-issues on your agenda list?I wouldve created a bigger sense of sine qua non regarding the need for change. Its a critical aspect for a change initiative to be successful, otherwise people dont believe in it a nd its doom to fail, or work inappropriately. I would have chosen a more qualified steering committee (seeing as they didnt feel responsible for what they were doing).I have never been part of a IS project, however I think my top three things would be A. Properly training staff training in IT basic. B. Selection of a well varied change team and a good planned objective, easy to share with the staff. C. Open communication channels between the organizational line, from back staff to change champion. When these kind of changes are being implemented, most of the times the lower level has a better view of the issues that hail than the higher level.

Monday, May 20, 2019

Consequences of Indecision’s Essay

Consequences of IndecisionsThe characters are affected by their mistakes in bunk by M.T. Anderson because these characters are all caught up in their indecision to accept what they want to do with their lives. over-embellisheds render is all caught up in protecting his daughter, chromatic the main character, from the damaging affects of the feed and how people take advantage of it in a poor manner. He didnt want that to happen to chromatic. The feast is a device that people in the novel use in their everyday lives. The work is a computer chip that gets installed into the brain allowing net profit access where ever they are, exposing people to unlimited fellowship. This chip in like manner allows them to contrive the internet as a calve of them so it becomes a part of the brain thus making them all in some(a) since, part robot. He never wanted to get Violet the Feed because he thought it would be terrible for her. He then veridicalized that she needed it in order to le ase a tillable future and live a decent life.The bulge outcome of his delayed decision of installing the Feed caused negative affects on Violet. Violet has similar to her fathers call backing when it comes to the Feed. She atomic number 50t decide if she does or doesnt want to be a part of society. She claims that she loves the Feed because of the knowledge that it has to offer. Violet wants the feed because she also yearns to be accepted into society. She then turns around and says that the Feed is a horrible thing because it separates people from the real world causing them to become unaware of whats in truth happening in the world. She also malfunctions in result of being hacked. This is the major issue that Violet and her father come across. Since these characters cant choose what they actually want with society and the Feed only ends up leading them to their destruction.Violets fathers disturbance with his thoughts is caused by his indecision on society with how people a ct. Many people would think that Violets father was doing the proper(a) thing by limiting his daughter to the technology, and they are wrong. If he was so against society then he should have left with Violets mother or just leave in general to get a elan. If they move away and he never got her the Feed and she would have never g star to the moon. Apparently those thoughts never occurred to him. So he is living in a society that he strongly dislikes and refuses to become fully part of.Hisproblem with picking what he wants influenced him to get the Feed installed into her daughters brain late, because he recognise that she would need it in order to live there and have a successful life. He complete this after he went to a job interview and he still didnt have the Feed so he couldnt get the job. This hesitation that he had was because he wanted his daughter to have real knowledge that you actually had in your head from memory and education. Not lazy artificial knowledge that she did nt need to think to know something. He was being stubborn and thought he was doing something skilful for her. Many people would say that he just wanted to protect her. Well if he really wanted to protect her then why didnt he just take her and leave that throw in? At the same time he wants to be around this great technology with its unlimited opportunities. Since he couldnt choose a side that he wanted to be on he ran into issues because he couldnt choose one or the other. Sadly Violet acts similar to her father.when it comes to Violet , its overt that she is different from everyone else. She knows more then other people do because she had time to think and learn onwards she got the Feed, along with domicileschooling. She has a larger vocabulary then the people that she lives around. Violet also doesnt have as wide of a vocabulary as her father. She isnt as intelligent as her father either. She is lonely to the point that she makes announcements into a trash can just to hear the echo of her own voice. She has no real close friends because of homeschooling, making her less exposed to other people in the world. Violet has similar indecisions as her father, being against the society and with it at the same time just doesnt work. it has to be one or the other. If not then they will have plenty of issues, because when they go against the way how things function and try to change it only caused them problems that they have to pay for all on there own. Violets identity operator and intelligence made her get into problems because she wanted to see if she could trick the Feed to prove that technology cant over power humans.As Violet goes to the mall to create another profile on her Feed it only backfires. She called this her project. Her project was to create an account that the Feed could not give options to for items that she may like. She assay creating this account by looking at random and odd things at the mallthat had nothing to do with each other, pretendi ng to like them so that the Feed would think she takes an come to in them. This makes the Feed think that she would consider purchasing these items. Violets project backfired because she never bought anything that she made the Feed think she liked. The Feed was offering her these items, expecting her to buy some of them. When she never did apply to purchasing anything, Violet got hacked everything started to malfunction and her father couldnt pay for the upkeep and FeedTech had no interest in helping her because she wasnt a good investment to society. No one from FeedTech or the inverters of FeedTech wanted to sponsor for her health needs because of her poor shopping records. These records stated, that she had looked up information on items and she didnt purchase any of them. Violets project was a horrible idea because her father couldnt hand to pay for all the tests that she needed. The warranty had also expired years ago. There is nothing that they can do for her now but wait as her father regrets not getting Violets Feed late.When Violet got hacked, it somehow damaged her Feed and no one was sure why. While she was in the hospital she was told by the doctors that her Feed should stabilize over time, it never did. Her Feed only progressed to worsen as time went on. so far when she was working on her project in the mall Violet didnt consider how her actions would affect her . She knew that attempting to visual sense with the Feed wasnt supposed to be done and that didnt stop her . She went and did it anyway, her indecision to go against the Feed failed because she only got worse in the end. Her body slowly stopped working over time. In the inauguration she was losing all feeling in her foot. Similar to having a foot fall asleep. Of course this turned into her all told limbs losing feeling. This resulted in her losing all feeling in both of her legs causing her to fall down the stairs when she was home alone. FeedTech didnt want to help her because she made a record that stated how she doesnt buy anything that she takes interest in. All because she couldnt make up her mind on what she wanted to do. She attempted to trick the Feed. because she changed her mind when she was weak and tried getting help from FeedTech after she attempted to mess up the integral system.Since these characters cant choose what they actually want with society.The Feed only ends up leading them to destruction. Violet and her father made so many mistakes that it came to the point where they couldnt save her. They refused to cooperate with FeedTech so FeedTech wouldnt pay for her repairs. When it came to her malfunctioning. They also refused to cover the cost because she messed up her Feed during her project at the mall when she was nerve-wracking to trick the Feed so that it couldnt predict or tell her what she would like. Since Violets father was so caught up in protecting his daughter he was protecting her to the point where his choices killed his daug hter, destroying everything he has ever worked for because Violet is his life. Violet is all he has left because Violets mother ran away to Africa to escape the society that they claim to hate. When it turned out that them depositing is a place that they dislike was all a mistake on its own. If they where going to stay they should have accepted the way things are. Violet and her father should have just given into the way of the Feed if they wanted to stay.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

Future Trends in Health Care Essay

Personal face-to-face conversation is and leave behind continue to be the foundation of the patient- physician relationship. Electronic communication amongst kickgivers and patient done recalls web-sites and e-mail are forcing aesculapian checkup examination staff and physicians to rethink the way they provide misgiving to the patients, the accessibility to on-line health and wellness learning. Home monitoring systems, personal health records, and on-line support groups is making it workable for society to take charge of their health (Center for Practice returns and Innovation, 2008). This paper will look at electronic forms of communication new and old be procedured externally as a words source of conveying patient specific breeding, the wedge of distance delivery on health sympathize with, the aim of electronic systems to transfer records, and the impact of said systems today and a projected five years in the future. Physician practices, for nearly a century, b rook relied on the telephone to communicate to communicate with patients. The telephone flummox been utilize to relay lab results, handle consumers renewing prescriptions, scheduling patients for their appointments, and reminding patients of future appointments.In addition to medical personnel use, the telephone is used to communicate to otherwise departments or facilities, unit to unit communication, and insurance companies. The telephone bear be also used as a clinical tool. With patient who are inveterate ill and cause established a relation ship with the physician, the telephone send packing serve as a office visit (Center for Practice profit and Innovation, 2008). With advancement in technology, as the number of patients and physicians acquiring the means to electronically communicate increases, the willingness and desire to apply the provisions to ambulatory care ahs gathered momentum. pity for patients electronically increases productivity, practice efficiency, and lo wers operating costs. On-line communication can produce these results through reduced administrative costs, fewer telephone calls, and growth by attraction of new clients. Compared to phone calls, e-mail transcripts are less(prenominal) distractive and can be performed relativelyinexpensive they are self documenting and can be done at the leisure of the physician.On-line communication allows the patient to read and reread to gain a better ground of directives. The use of internet communication results in patient retention and patient satisfaction (Center for Practice Improvement and Innovation, 2008). The safest way to communicate on-line is by using a secured messaging system. HIPAA regulates that all health care organizations protect all patient health information, especially health information being transcribed electronically. A secured site for medical information is to protect unauthorized users from access. The most common protection for electronic information is installing an encryption system (Center for Practice Improvement and Innovation, 2008).The Impact of Delivery on health maintenance Information technology tools incorporated in medical practice results not only in serve availability and improved quality but also in transformation of the care delivery model. wellness care systems in the modern sense, relies on the concepts of patient continuity of services, shared care, and empowerment. These fulfillments can be do possible by establishing safe electronic contact between patients and physician. The use of telemedicine applications improves the process of exchanging information between medical professionals representing different areas of medicine and referential levels. Telecommunication progress and computer science leads to transformation in other domains. Information technology opens the window for assuring appropriate healthcare quality within commonsense cost (Duplaga, 2004).The Use of Information TechnologyAs consumers demand more op portunities to use the internet. The internet is transforming the consumers as they interact with the health care system. Telemedicine for remote patient monitoring of patient health is increasing in use by doctors and health care providers. The internet is also transforming health care through electronic medical records. Records stored electronically boosts survival rates ad improves coordination by allowing facilities and medical providers access to share medical information with ease. An electronic medical record is the heart of any computerized information system in health care. In absence of this, modern technologies such(prenominal) as decision support systems cannot be integrated into the clinicalworkflow. Current Electronic medical records systems are delivering safe, high quality health care. Medical vision and pick up for use is why telemedicine was created. Telemedicine cover a wide range of capabilities. Telemedicine can be defined as the delivery of images, data and so und enabling medical practitioners that diagnose and provide options in medical care at a distance.The transmission of this medical data can be accomplished through other technology systems such as the telephone, web using interactive video, computer or fax. Real m applications and store and forward are two types of telemedicine systems delivery. With real time systems, participants are using the system at the time of care delivery. Such as two doctors discussing methods of treatment or delivering treatment. Specialized software such as exam cameras and other imaging devices can make the atmosphere of both participants being in the same room. A store and forward system does not require that. Using this system allows medical personal to gather needs resources such as, Patient medical history, images, and other pertinent data. One can then recommend treatment at a later date or time.Physicians may use these systems to train and learn as they can provide real life, real time experienc es (Masys, 2010). Information technologies have the ability to affect distribution and the types of jobs in the health care Industry. In a background of a growing body of knowledge in the realm of health sciences, recent models of decision making by clinical practitioners, relying mainly upon their memory and personal experience, will be inadequate for effective health care delivery in the twenty-first-century. In the health care industry, information activity is intense. From the point of view in business, two kinds of action are performed medical procedures to support therapy, disease prevention, diagnosis, and the communication, acquisition and storage of information. Information technologies have launched a social dash and will continue to have a huge impact on the health care industry.The ring bearer of this trend is the internet. The internet brings access to interpersonal communication and information on a large scale to millions of people humanity wide. In 2001 roughly 54 % of Americans were using the internet and the adoption rate from new comers with this technology is about two million per month (Masys, 2010). around American children are both using a computer and accessing the internet in their homes or at school. E-mail lists,disease-related chat rooms, offshore pharmacies, internet telemedicine services, and hundreds of alternative and conventional medical websites are the panicle of a world with personal choices. Evidence suggests that for internet users with acute illness, making doctor appointments has changed from first to last resort, a trend that is strengthened by the decision of services in environment of manage care (Masys, 2010).In conclusion, it can be very difficult to predict how medical practices will use electronic communication in the years to come. Just implementing a system is not going to have a great impact on the quality of care delivered. The systems have to be exceptional design and can be used effectively for it to impa ct the quality of care. However, one can rest assure that the role of communication will grow significantly More patients are demanding that physicians communicate with them electronically and physicians are recognizing that this media can be a key tool in managing the demands facing their practices, thus adding fuel to the trend.Reference.Center for Practice Improvement and Innovation. (2008). Communicating with Patients Electronically. Retrieved November 27, 2010 fromhttp//www.acponline.org/running_practice/technology/comm_electronic.pdf Duplaga, M. (2004). The Impact of Information Technology on Quality of Healthcare Services .Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Retrieved November 28, 2010 from http//www.springerlink.com/content/mlc0atymr41lllq3/Masys, D. (2010). Effects Of Current And Future Information Technologies On The Health Care Workforce. Health Affairs. Retrieved November 25, 2010 from http//content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/21/5/33

Affirmative Action Essay

What would the business world be standardised with no approbative action? One nooky only imagine the discrimination that would be breathing out on. This is why our company needs to divvy up action towards taking the right steps to implementing this very classic concept. Not only must we follow equal employment opportunity laws, but we must ascertain the comfort, security, and safety of our employees. No person regardless of age, race, color, religion, disability, or sex be denied of employment based on those factors.With the implementation of the affirmative action policy taking affect in spite of appearance our company, we can expand our family of employees to a much more diverse workforce. We get out gain a plethora of knowledge from those with every last(predicate) distinguishable types of prior work experiences. Our actions will lead to unity and harmony between those who be of different home(a) origins, and will help eliminate discrimination on the job. It is incr edibly important for those we employ to know we take pride in our company and care about their opinions, concerns, and well-being. Happy and well taken care of employees, steel for enthusiastic and productive employeesThe idea is to hire people based on their experience, knowledge of the occupation, education, and whatever skills they whitethorn encompass. It is important for employees to know some of the basic skills required for the job however, on the job training is an gauzy opportunity for growth and learning new techniques. Affirmative action allows for room for advancement to those with seniority at heart the company, as well as room to hire more new employees to fill their old positions. By enforcing affirmative action we are creating job security which encourages employees to strive to constantly improve and create goals inside the company which benefits eitherone involved.Affirmative Action3As positive as affirmative action can be, there can also be negative results o f this concept. In some cases, one protected class may be considered as favored by employers, while others feel they have been prejudged which has become known as change of mind discrimination. Because of any one group being favored, the possibilities of conflict occurring in the work place could rise for this reason, it is passing important to apply and use the concept of affirmative action the way it was meant to be used.Each and every individual must be treated fairly, and situations will be dealt with according to the position they hold within the company. Equally as wrong as preferential treatment are those companies who sometimes are either forced or volunteer for affirmative action they are only trying to fill their quota to incur requirements, which also eventually leads to more discrimination. As long as we take all of the appropriate steps to work this into our workforce and are doing it for all of the right reasons, we will have a successful multicultural corporation w ho can work together peacefully.The reason this policy would benefit our company is mainly because we are being given the opportunity to fix past instances of discrimination which have occurred within our establishments. We have the gamble to start with a clean slate, and be known as an inviting and stable place to work. By implementing affirmative action we can ensure to our employees that they will enjoy working for us.By knowing what to expect every day they will be happier, loyal, enthusiastic, supportive, and eager to come back. They will gain an appreciation for the company which treats them with maintain and equal to their coworkers. The positive possibilities are endless as long as everyone is compliant with the policy. There will be an individual to monitor and make sure all policy regulations are being followed and cooperated with, as well as an Affirmative Actioninformative document which explains all details.We will encourage all to be involved in programs or groups wh ich will lead to meeting goals related to the policy. And last but not least, there will be a mandatory meeting to ensure that everyone is fully aware of the changes to come and that anyfurther instances of discrimination in the workplace will not be tolerated. With that said, we timber forward to the new cultural diversity we will have within our company and expect umpteen good things to come from itAffirmative Action5Reference PageBohlander, G. W., & Snell, S. A., (2007). Managing human resources (14th ed.). Florence, KYThomson Learning Higher Education.

Saturday, May 18, 2019

School Counselors and Child Abuse

The objective of this look paper is to determine how well prep aring counselors, who atomic number 18 human service providers and mandated storeyers of tiddler shame, know how to line up abuse and whether or non this skill has an encumbrance on them actually making a report. As mandated reporters, give littleons counselors atomic number 18 not prepared to detect signs of kid abuse and their lack of preparedness is a directly correlated with their low levels of account.Unfortunately, it is a cutting fact that peasant abuse exists all over the world, only if fortunately educators and individuals in human work are beginning to open the eyes of m either individuals about the power they sacrifice in prevention, step in and changing the lives of those affected by the horrid effect of baby bird abuse. A group of individuals that support have a superb effect in empowering those affected by abuse are give lessons counselors. Because of their interactions with electric s haverren and their families, they can be influential in recognizing and reporting child abuse. With the overcompensate homework and tools they can wanton away a world of difference.There is very little research on school counselors and their abilities in recognizing and reporting child abuse. The research that does exist shows a need in extensive training in recognition child abuse and what to do thereafter. prepare counselors inform knowledge that they are mandated by lawfulness to report uncertainty of child abuse, but lacked confidence in their ability to detect and report child abuse. Training is necessary in undergraduate/graduate schooling and as a professional in order for a school counselor to be fully effective as a mandated reporters.According to the National Child Abuse and go bad Data System, (NCANDS), which collects and analysis data from child protective services, 3. 3 zillion child abuse reports were do in 2009 of which three fifths of the reports were made b y Running Head initiate COUNSELORS AND CHILD ABUSE 3 mandated reports such as doctors, teachers, daycare providers, counselor, etc. who because of the nature of their job have contact with these children. 3. 3 million reports were made in United States in the year 2009 and it is unfortunate to say that perhaps millions much abuses occurred but went on unreported.To report or not to report, that is the question that many individuals ask themselves when in a bullheadedness were they might hold vital information. There are times when individuals who have vital information near in front of them but see right thought it because of the lack of knowledge and experience. An often golden and extrovert child might begin to show sudden signs of melancholy and introversion due to existence sexually ill-use by a family member, but a professional who works with the child on a day to day basis, for example, a teacher or a school counselor whitethorn not be able to detect these changes in c haracter and as a result make no reports.The duration of time that children interact with school officials and administrators often times equal and even draw the amount of time that they spend with family members. At times children and certain school officials form bonds that are amalgamated together by trust and respect and due to the trust that has been formed, often times these officials gain shrewdness about these childrens lives. One school official that needs to build rapport with a child in order to best service that child, is a school counselor.Since rapport is usually built between child and counselor, star would assume that the counselor would be able to detect child abuse right away, but it is evident through my readings that school councilors are in desperate need of guidance themselves. though they are there to guide others, school counselors lack the confidence and knowledge when it comes to detecting and reporting child abuse cases weather it be neglect, emotional abuse, sexual abuse or animal(prenominal) abuse animal(prenominal) Running Head SCHOOL COUNSELORS AND CHILD ABUSE 4 abuse. According to Bryant (2009), 86. % of the 193 participants in his vignette reported that they gained knowledge about child abuse reporting through experience at work and not necessarily through training. Goldman and Padayachi (2005) study looked at school counselors and their reporting behavior and whether or not they unavoidable any further training. Just as Bryant (2009) study concluded that further education and training was necessary, Goldman and Padayachi (2005) study as well reported that 95% of the participants in the study suggested that they needed much training in how to parcel out and deal with children and sexual abuse.The latter researchers did their study in Australia, where child abuse laws differ from one maintain to another. For example in New South Wales, it is mandatory by law for school officials to report any mistrust of child abuse . It was not always the case in New South Wales though because reports by school personnel of child abuse greatly increased from 11. 4% to 24% once the spick-and-span law took into action. In Queensland were the research study was conducted, school personnel were not mandated by law to report suspicion of child abuse.According to Goldman and Padayachi (2005) school personnel in New South Wales were being trained more intensively about neglect and child abuse because of the mandatory reporting laws. So, could it be possible that school personnel are not trained as intensively and excessively because there is no law indicating that suspicion of child abuse be reported? Would it be fair to say that people are reporting because it is mandated by law? Or are people reporting more because they have more training in dealing with child abuse? Is it an issue of law, ethics or knowledge?In order to determine whether or not school counselors consider certain situations as abuse or not, Goldma n and Padayachi (2005) created four hypothetical Running Head SCHOOL COUNSELORS AND CHILD ABUSE 5 situations where a child is interacting with a counselor and in all four situations the degree of detail the child reveals is different, for example, in one situation a child draws a picture of a man and makes vague statements about a bad man, but does not make any specific statements about being sexually abused (Goodman and Padayachi, 2005), and in another situation, a girl tells her school counselor and her grandmother that she is being sexually abused. School personnel are suppose to rate the degree of suspicion from substantial to no reason.According to the results, the degree of suspicion was from substantial to moderate, which indicates that the 122 participants were well aware of what signs to look for in sexual abuse. Majority of participants were able to detect child abuse, but were unlikely to report their suspicions when asked if they would report it if the child denied of be ing sexually abused. This can indicates that suspecting and reporting do not necessarily go hand in hand, particularly in a state were reporting is not mandated by law. According to Bryant (2009), the number one reason the participants in his study indicated that they would report suspicion of child abuse was because of law which goes back to, are people reporting because of law, knowledge, ethics?It seems to me, to be more in favor of the law but either way, if childrens lives are being saved would it depend if its because of law or ethics? Probably the answer would be no, until peoples perceptions are changed. Being able to tell signs of abuse in a hypothetical situation can set off greatly with the degree of confidence that a person has of his or her skills in recognizing signs of abuse. In Bryans (2009) study, participants were confident in their ability to recognize signs of physical abuse but were not as certain in their abilities to recognize emotional abuse perhaps becau se physical abuse if much more Running Head SCHOOL COUNSELORS AND CHILD ABUSE 6 observable, which indicates that much more training is needed in recognizing the more separate signs of abuse.In Goodman and Padayachi (2005) study, the participants were asked about their confidence level of their knowledge of sexual abuse, and only less than 10 per cent of the school counselors in Queensland were completely confident in their knowledge of symptoms to identify sexual abuse, while a gigantic portion of them, 47 per cent, had little confidence, and 37 per cent had no confidence (Goodman and Padayachi, 2005). The literature that was used in this research project proves that school counselors are not prepared to identify signs of child abuse especially emotional abuse because signs of emotional abuse are a lot more discrete than physical abuse.Some research shows that school counselors are able to detect signs of child abuse but are less likely to report child abuse if a child denies bein g abused. In order to ease better understanding of child abuse in terms of detecting signs of abuse whether it is emotional or physical, colleges need to better prepare students before they start working as school counselors. School districts also need to have mandated training for incoming and ongoing school counselors. In order to help school counselor with becoming more assertive reporters of child abuse, school districts need to have mandatory training and colleges need to have courses that prepare students in how to report and the importance of reporting child abuse.

Friday, May 17, 2019

Communication competency Essay

1. As you moot heat contents problem, think close to what you would advise hydrogen to do.I would advise heat content to esteem the reasons why the supervisors are requesting transfers to other stores. Although henry does offer his supervisors a render incentive plan that reserves fiscal rewards to employees who cut cost and annexs sales, he does non take the time to communicate with his employees to find out if they hasten the tools that they need to per general anatomy their jobs effectively. Henry should meet with his supervisors once he discovers where he missed the mark. He provide then be better prepared to improve his dialogue methods with his staff of supervisors. Once he makes this incumbent change this could mean a world of difference in regaining the trust of his supervisors as this entrust display to them that he is listening and recognizes that at that place is in fact a problem and that he intends to righteousness his wrong.2. What does Henry need to know about converse competency?Henry needs a do- nonhingonic infrastanding of talk competency, at the minimum. This would be the least amount required for someone in his position. It would be preferable that a manager have an extensive amount of experience in communication competency, only when at the minimum, Henry should be able to effectively communicate with his peers and subordinates, including the two managers. In this scenario, Henry has not taken any proactive stand at any time to actually communicate with the managers under his supervision.3. Discuss the relationship in the midst of communication and motivation. There is a strong relationship between communication and motivation. In dictate for employees and managers to both become and stay motivated, communication is essential. When there is an active dialogue between managers and subordinates, it provides motivation because the employees/managers are aware of exactly what is expected of them, and the lines of com munication are open. Employees that know that the lines of communication are open are more likely to make use of the communication process by discussing grievances and other issues with their supervisor.4. Directly reference the theories of motivation you have learned about in this unit. The rewards theory is paramountly use in this scenario. Henry is using a pay incentive program to reward the supervisors for cutting expenses and/or for increasing sales. By doing so, he is rewarding based on the actions of the supervisors and their ability to accomplish the goals that lead to great pay through the pay incentive program.According to the Rewards Theory, the actions of the supervisors pull up stakes continue as long as they are receiving pay incentives which act as a reward for their actions. If Henry ends the pay incentive program, the supervisors will have less motivation to reduce expenses and increase sales, which will likely lead to a simplification in supervisor performance in these areas.The Social Information Process Theory is also predominant in this scenario. This theory is based upon the premise that peoples needs and attitudes are determined by the information available to them at any presumption time. This can be applied in regards to Henry and the supervisors, each from their own standpoint. Henry has a lack of information as to why the supervisors are requesting transfers. Although it can be reasonably assumed that they are requesting transfers due to a complete lack of communication from Henry, he is unaware of the specific reasons.The supervisors are not receiving information from Henry. His contact with his subordinates is very limited, or so it appears so based on the details of the case. This has created a condition where the lack of feedback and information given by Henry to the supervisors has created attitudes in the supervisors based on the lack of communication, which is a detrimental aspect of the relationship between Henry and the supervisors.5. Relate the case to the following ten work-related items Be specific about the participants of the case and the work-related items.1. Sensitivity to person-to-person problemsHenry is under the impression that because he is busy and works strong that his complete lack of communication skills should be acceptable. He believes that the managers should be thankful for how hard he works for them, and to benefit them by what he believes to be always considering their best interests.2. Interesting workHenry believes that because he has given the supervisors a executable means to stay engaged in their work, that they should find the work interesting. This is not directly stated by Henry simply is reflected in the intonation of his comments when he reacts to the news that the supervisors have asked for transfers.3. SalaryHenry has added to the pay structure by implementing a pay incentive program for the supervisors. Henry believes that ideally the program should provide e nough of an incentive for the supervisors to work hard, and to accomplish the goals of increasing sales and/or decreasing expenses. The managers likely receive that the pay initiative is an added benefit, but still completely lack any real form of communication with Henry.4. Job securityIt is apparent that the supervisors enjoy having job security, or they would have terminated their employment alternatively of requesting transfers. Henry likely has job security as well, but not enough information is given concerning Henrys position to make an accurate determination or analysis of his position from a job security standpoint.5. Loyalty of company to employeesAlthough it is evident that Henry believes he is being loyal to the supervisors, there is a complete lack of communication, and the degree of loyalty that the two supervisors believe is taking place would be much less than Henrys opinion. It also appears that Henry has loyalty to the employer, which is indicated by his comment a bout working hard for the benefit of the managers. The managers also show loyalty to the company, because they request a transfer and do not terminate their employment.6. Tactful and constructive criticismBased on the information provided, Henry has not given the supervisors any constructive criticism. The pay incentive program does not constitute any form of tactful or constructive criticism because it is being used as a sole inducement with no feedback or communication. Because there is a lack of constructive criticism between Henry and the supervisors, Henry appears withdrawn and non-communicative with his subordinates.7. Appreciation for workHenry is under the impression that the supervisors dont appreciate how hard he works. The supervisors have no indication if they are appreciated, because Henry has been completely non-communicative. The briny reason that the supervisors privation to be transferred is so that they can receive constructive criticism and feedback regarding th eir work, which they can then use to increase their knowledge, skills, and abilities for their given positions.8. A sense of belongingBecause Henry has mostly isolated himself from the supervisors, there is likely a predominant feeling on behalf of the supervisors that they dont belong. Henry has made no substantial endeavour to include the supervisors in any constructive manner. Henry feels he belongs to the company, which is indicated through his dedication and hard work, but he has isolated himself causing his subordinates to likely feel as if they dont belong as a viable part of the company.9. Good working conditionsHenry has not advocated good working conditions by his behavior. If the working conditions were solid, the managers would have never requested a transfer to a different location. In order to improve the working conditions, Henry needs to completely restructure his communication methods.10. Opportunities for advancementThere is no indication that any employee, manage r, or supervisor can advance from their current positions. Henry would be the main factor in communicating possibilities for advancement to his staff, and there has been a clear lack of communication. This also is crazy to employee motivation and employee morale.

Thursday, May 16, 2019

Consumer Law (UK) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Consumer Law (UK) - Assignment ExampleThese legal enactments are termed under the provision of consumer laws with the doctor intention to protect consumers from any kind of harm caused by the fraudulent activities of businesses. There are mixed subdues in which consumer laws are applicable which commonly include contract of buying goods, distance selling, services contract and other areas such(prenominal) as holiday packages and insurance among others. Notably, if consumers are affected due to any illuminate of fraud in the aforementi aned areas, they can take the assistance of such law provisions (Consumer rights) to destiny with such situations. There are various acts that collectively fall under the consumer law dimension such as the Sales of Goods Act 1979, Consumer Protection Act 1987 and Consumer Credit Act 1974 among others (Bryan 11-12). THESIS STATEMENT The thesis discusses a certain case giving rise to situations for the implementation of consumer law. The aim of the t hesis is therefore to barrack the victims of certain fraudulent activities of businesses about their rights based on the consumer law of UK. The thesis further depicts the criminal obligation of the company involved in the breach of statutory provisions. CASE OVERVIEW It was in March 2003 that Ajay decided to oblige a holiday trip to Cornwall. The decision came after Ajay saw a brochure of the Sunshine vacation Plc. The hotel that Ajay choose as part of the holiday package was described in the brochure as one of the exclusive hotels of Cornwall and further portrayed as breathtaking and best suited for a restful holiday. Furthermore, the brochure similarly described that the hotel has heated fluent pools both in its indoor and outdoor that would provide uncanny experiences to the visitors. The brochure of the company further promised car services for the visitors in the hotel to allow them to enjoy all the fun facilities that would be available in the nearby town. In the broc hure, the company also described about the additional offers to the visitors, if the tour is booked within the last week of March. The additional offers would included holiday insurance for the blameless family, return couch travel and drop out car services among others were mentioned quite precisely in the brochure. On arrival of Ajay and his family in that particular hotel, they found out that it was on the top of the cliff and there was no easy access to the beach from that place. There was also lot of noise that came out in untimely morning from the bar of the hotels and created immense disturbances for the visitors. It has also been observed by Ajay and his family that both the indoor and outdoor swimming pools of the hotel were unavailable for some reason and car services of the hotel was also discontinued since the previous year. Furthermore, he also found out that in regard to the holiday insurance package promised by the hotel authority in the brochure, Ajay and his fam ily was charged a considerable amount in spite of the fact that it was supposed to be free of cost as was mentioned. Subsequently, Ajay complained about the entire issue to the hotelier but they pointed out a article in the brochure which stated as hotel and other charges may be revised at the delicacy of the Tour Operator. Later, Ajays wife, while buying a leather bag from the hotel shop

Wednesday, May 15, 2019

Children families and communities Community Violence and International Essay

Children families and communities confederation Violence and International Conflict - Essay ExampleThis essay reviews the frenzy and community and international level. company violence exposes children to emotional and behavioural problems and perpetrates violence. Intervention to prevent vulnerability to violence improves the life chances and reduces violence in vulnerable communities. Community violence causes aggression, depression and anxiety among children in the community (Garbarino, Hammond, Mercy & Yung, 2004). Factors increasing chance for exposure to community violence Research shows emphasizeful life events, behavioural problems and the family characteristics as some of the luck factors exposing children to community violence. 1. Living in funkyer socioeconomic areas The presence of socioeconomic resources exposes children to community violence and aggression. Historically, the African Americans are affected disproportionately by unemployment, poverty and exposure to community violence. African Americans, especially manful youths, are affected significantly by the juvenile discrepancy and the gun crimes. People living in low socioeconomic areasmay be adversely affected by the community violence (Spencer, Fegley & Harpalani, 2003). 2. world from a minority group Ethnic minority are disproportionately affected by violence. ... 3. moving picture to domestic violence Children exposed to domestic violence exhibit behavioural disorders like delinquency and aggression. home(prenominal) violence causes mood and emotional disorders like anxiety and depression, and the posttraumatic symptoms of stress like sleep disturbances. Domestic violence such as sexual assault leads to sexual plague in the community. A child interprets domestic and community violence as unsafe world, and the unworthiness for protection in life. This engenders helplessness and leads to negative perceptions. The posttraumatic stress disorder exposes the child to community viole nce because they impair behavioural and social functioning (Voisin, 2007). 4. Parental mall abuse Substance abuse by parents expose children to unpredictable behaviours. Behaviour changes from loving to withdrawal that causes snake pit in the community. Despite of the sufferings that these children go through and through, the parents are to blame for the substance abuse. Children from families that abuse drugs are under unceasing fear of physical violence or incest. The youngsters suffer from the post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression and war crimes. Parental substance abuse affects the normal child development exposing youngsters to mental, physical and health problems (Sheidow, Gorman-Smith, Tolan & Henry, 2001). 5. Communities low in social capital The low social capital exposes children to community violence due to the reduction in accessibility to social resources, impaired families and the overall fearful environment that substitutes the participation and cooperation i n the community. Poverty and community violence is mediated through the availability of social institutions (Voisin,

Tuesday, May 14, 2019

BUSINESS ENVIROMENT AND SOCIETY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

BUSINESS ENVIROMENT AND SOCIETY - Essay causeThis allow for enable students from different parts of the country perceive things in one perspective because address structure somehow establishes how we understand the world (Howson 1979, pg 165-171).A universal talking to in high schools is expound as a tool which improves brain capacity and thinking ability of students. This is due to the factor that about cases it will lead to multi- linguistic aspects because the children will be in the know of their mother tongue and the language which they are taught in secondary school bringing to a total of two languages. Children who are house bilingual have greater linguistic capacity than those brought up in monolingual way (Gode 1951,pg 20-50) . whatever recommendations could be made concerning the entire universal secondary language. This may help to solve this siege which has unordered many people making them be at loggerheads for a long period of time. Firstly schools should defy about the usage if frequent language so that students can be holding discussions ,contests and taking common exams to make education competitive. Secondly, school books should be written in a common language so that all students can access the books in any bookshop or borrow from other schools this will be of great importance. This is because it will ease the education system and ensure that the elites are the cream of newsworthiness with almost the same linguistic contemporary experience. Furthermore, teachers should be encouraged to attend seminars and workshops so as to be taught on the importance of a common language (Allen & Widdowson 1974,pg

Monday, May 13, 2019

Issues Faced in Choosing and During a Career and its Remedies Research Paper

Issues Faced in Choosing and During a Career and its Remedies - explore Paper ExampleIt talks about the very prominent issue which bars the intelligentsia of the arena from taking part in the employment in the education sector, i.e the low salaries of teachers and how this tr last can be reversed and the teachers can be given their lost glory and respect. A convocation day is by far the proudest and the happiest moment in ones conduct after spending four, long, arduous eld in university. Wearing my best Marks & Spencer suit and my favourite maroon tie, I stood in crusade of the six foot long mirror in my room and took a sigh of relief. My four long time in the Carnegie Melon University lived up to the stereotypes and the general idea formed about life in university. I could say with sheer confidence and veracity that it certainly was not the best time of my life merely even again it was the most important one. I learnt about the League of Nations, the Second humankind War, an d the frore War and most importantly, I knew each and every single clause of the Treaty of Versailles, by nerve centre and I was proud about it. As I received my degree, I puffed up, widened my chest and fill up it with air. After many sleep little nights of stiff work, utter zeal, zest and dedication and back breaking studies, I held an undergraduate degree in World History, with honors. The ride back home was a rather unusual one. Never in my life, had I contemplated about anything, with such concentration. My father was of the view that by majoring in World History, I had wasted my life and I should pursue a degree in some other, operable field which could get me a decent job with recognition. My mother thought that I might end up procrastinating and doing nothing, hence wasting myself after getting the degree and I had no idea what to do, yet I pondered over and over. Choosing a career, in the society, where I grew up and come from, is as difficult as breaking a concrete w all with bare hands. And so was the case for me. Even though, I did contrive an undergraduate degree, I did not know where I wanted to go in life. This had made my life even more ambiguous, frustrating and often there were times when I felt purpose less and unwanted, though I totally knew that this attitude would end up making me suicidal. Such was the extent that by then end of the so called brainstorming process I started I did not know what my strengths were I had forgotten what my weaknesses were. I also could not figure out what was important to me, job satisfaction or earning a handsome amount of salary, nor could I ascertain the brisk standards I wanted, despite dreaming of living as a prince and driving a Mercedes S320, after graduating from college. Socio-cultural factors exert strong influences on individuals career choices in Pakistan. There are powerful norms around what economic roles individuals can or cannot perform based on their wealth, education, caste and gender . By and large, Pakistani society is averse to manual work and jobs involving manual labor and hard work are considered undesirable. Such perceptions are particularly strong among the relatively wealthy and educated, who prefer idle jobs (desk-based, clerical, supervisory or administrative positions). It has often been observed that